![Metasurface-integrated vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers for programmable directional lasing emissions | Nature Nanotechnology Metasurface-integrated vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers for programmable directional lasing emissions | Nature Nanotechnology](https://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41565-019-0611-y/MediaObjects/41565_2019_611_Fig1_HTML.png)
Metasurface-integrated vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers for programmable directional lasing emissions | Nature Nanotechnology
![VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) - Knowledge - Shenzhen Optico Communication Co.,Ltd. VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) - Knowledge - Shenzhen Optico Communication Co.,Ltd.](https://www.fiberopticom.com/Content/upload/2019273007/201901251101409820996.png)
VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) - Knowledge - Shenzhen Optico Communication Co.,Ltd.
![The VCSEL Advantage: Increased Power, Efficiency Bring New Applications | lasers | Photonics Handbook | Photonics Marketplace The VCSEL Advantage: Increased Power, Efficiency Bring New Applications | lasers | Photonics Handbook | Photonics Marketplace](https://www.photonics.com/images/Web/Articles/2006/4/13/VCSEL_Advantage_PrincetonOptronics_Figure1.jpg)
The VCSEL Advantage: Increased Power, Efficiency Bring New Applications | lasers | Photonics Handbook | Photonics Marketplace
![Quantum dot vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers covering the 'green gap' | Light: Science & Applications Quantum dot vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers covering the 'green gap' | Light: Science & Applications](https://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Flsa.2016.199/MediaObjects/41377_2017_Article_BFlsa2016199_Fig1_HTML.jpg)